Explanation of Diagnosis

Elbow osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint condition where the cartilage in the elbow wears down over time, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion. It may develop due to aging, repetitive stress, prior injuries, or heavy manual labor. Bone spurs (osteophytes) can also form, further limiting movement.

Specific Work Modifications

• Avoid repetitive heavy lifting, gripping, and forceful pushing/pulling motions.
• Modify workstation setup to reduce strain (ergonomic tools, adjustable chair, wrist/elbow supports).
• Take frequent breaks to stretch and change positions.
• Use a brace or compression sleeve for support if needed.
• Avoid prolonged static postures (e.g., keeping the elbow bent for long periods).

Specific Activity Modifications

• Avoid high-impact activities (e.g., tennis, weightlifting, contact sports) that stress the elbow joint.
• Modify golf, fishing, or racquet sports by using lighter equipment and ergonomic grips.
• For artistic or craft activities, use cushioned grips and take breaks to prevent stiffness.
• Swimming and cycling are excellent low-impact alternatives to maintain joint mobility.

Recommended Supplements

• Glucosamine & Chondroitin (1500 mg/1200 mg daily) – May support joint cartilage.
• Omega-3 fatty acids (1000 mg daily) – Reduces inflammation and stiffness.
• Curcumin (Turmeric) (500 mg twice daily) – Natural anti-inflammatory.
• Collagen peptides (10 g daily) – Supports connective tissue health.
• Vitamin D (1000-2000 IU daily) – Supports bone and joint health.

Recommended Nutrition and Hydration

Diet Recommendations:

• Anti-inflammatory foods: Fatty fish (salmon), berries, nuts, and leafy greens.
• Joint-supporting foods: Bone broth, citrus fruits, bell peppers (rich in collagen-boosting nutrients).
• Limit processed foods and sugar, which can worsen inflammation.
• Maintain a healthy weight, as excess body weight increases joint stress.

Hydration Tips:

• Drink 2–3 liters of water daily to maintain joint lubrication.
• Limit alcohol and caffeine, which can dehydrate tissues and worsen symptoms.

Home Exercise Prescription

Perform 2-3 times daily to improve mobility and reduce stiffness:

1. Elbow Flexion & Extension Stretch

1. • Slowly bend and straighten your elbow.
   • 10 reps, 2-3 times daily.

2. Forearm Rotation (Supination/Pronation)

1. • Rotate the palm up and down while keeping the elbow bent at 90°.
   • 10 reps, 2-3 times daily.

3. Wrist Flexor & Extensor Stretch

1. • Hold the wrist in a gentle stretch forward and backward for 20-30 seconds, 3 times each direction.

4. Isometric Biceps & Triceps Hold

1. • Press against a wall without moving the arm, holding for 5 seconds, 10 reps.

5. Grip Strength Exercise

1. • Squeeze a stress ball or therapy putty for 10-15 reps, 2 times daily.

Avoid high-impact or heavy resistance exercises that aggravate pain.

Helpful Books

1. "Arthritis Without Pain: The Miracle of TNF Blockers" – Scott J. Zashin, MD
2. "The Pain-Free Program: A Proven Method to Relieve Back, Neck, Shoulder, and Joint Pain" – Anthony Carey

Contact the Key West orthopedic clinic or reach out to Dr. Jason Pirozzolo.